發(fā)電機組專業(yè)術語（中英文對照）

      

發(fā)電機組專業(yè)術語（中英文對照）
A AC Alternating Current (AC) is electric current that alternates between a positive maximum value and a negative maximum value at a 
characteristic frequency, usually 50 or 60 cycles per second (Hertz).
交流 交流是指電流在正負最大值之間以特定的頻率變動，通常頻率為50或60赫茲。
ANSI American National Standards Institute.
美國國家標準協(xié)會 美國國家標準協(xié)會
Acoustic Material Acoustic material is any material considered in terms of its acoustic properties, especially its properties of absorbing or deadening 
sound.
聲音材料 聲音材料，特指有吸音或隔音特性的材料。
Active Power Active power is the real power (kW) supplied by the generator set to the electrical load. Active power creates a load on the generator 
set's engine and is limited by the horsepower of the engine. Active power does the work of heating, turning motor shafts, etc.
有功功率 有功功率（kW），是指發(fā)電機組實際供應給負載的功率，它由發(fā)電機組的發(fā)動機提供，受到發(fā)動機馬力大小的限制。發(fā)熱和驅動馬達轉
動靠有功功率完成。
Air Circuit Breaker An air circuit breaker automatically interrupts the current flowing through it when the current exceeds the trip rating of the 
breaker. Air is the medium of electrical insulation between electrically live parts and grounded (earthed) metal parts.
空氣線路斷路器 空氣線路斷路器的功能是當電流大小超過斷路器的過流跳脫設定值后自動斷開�？諝馐菐щ娏慵�和接地金屬零件之間的絕緣介質
。
Alternator Alternator is another term for AC generator. 交流發(fā)電機 交流發(fā)電機
Amortisseur Windings The amortisseur windings of a synchronous AC generator are the conductors embedded in the pole faces of the rotor. They 
are connected together at both ends of the poles by end rings or end plates. Their function is to dampen waveform distortion during load changes.
阻尼線圈 同步交流發(fā)電機的阻尼線圈是指嵌繞在轉子磁極間的導線，他們分別在兩極用端環(huán)或端板相連接，主要功能是減弱因負載變化而引起的
波形畸變。
Ampacity Ampacity is the safe current-carrying capacity of an electrical conductor in amperes as defined by code.
載流容量 載流容量是以安培數(shù)來定義導線安全載流能力。
Ampere The ampere is a unit of electric current flow. One ampere of current will flow when a potential of one volt is applied across a resistance of 
one ohm.
安培 安培是電流單位。1伏電壓作用于1歐姆的電阻上就會產生1安培的電流。
Annunciator An annunciator is an accessory device used to give remote indication of the status of an operating component in a system. 
Annunciators are typically used in applications where the equipment monitored is not located in a portion of the facility that is normally attended. 
The NFPA has specific requirements for remote annunciators used in some applications, such as hospitals.
指示器 指示器作為一個附屬裝置常用于遠程顯示系統(tǒng)的各個組成部分的運行狀態(tài)。指示器通常使用在監(jiān)測設備不在設備現(xiàn)場的應用。美國國家防
火協(xié)會對指示器在某些行業(yè)的應用有特殊要求，例如醫(yī)院等。
Apparent Power Apparent power is the product of current and voltage, expressed as kVA. It is real power (kW) divided by the power factor (PF).
視在功率 視在功率是電流和電壓共同作用的產物，用kVA表示。它等于有功功率（kW）除以功率因數(shù)。
Armature The armature of an AC generator is the assembly of windings and metal core laminations in which the output voltage is induced. It is the 
stationary part (stator) in a revolving-field generator.
電樞 交流發(fā)電機電樞的是金屬芯和繞組的總成，產生感應電壓。電樞是旋轉磁場交流發(fā)電機的不動部分（定子）。
B Backup Protection Backup protection consists of protective devices, which are intended to operate only after other protective devices have failed 
to operate or detect a fault.
后備保護裝置 后備保護裝置是在其他保護裝置動作失敗或發(fā)生故障時動作的保護裝置。
Bandwidth The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. For digital devices, it is expressed as bits per second, or bytes 
per second. For analog devices, it is usually expressed as cycles per second, or Hertz.
帶寬 在固定時間內可傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據量。在數(shù)字化設備中以位/秒或字／秒表示，在模擬（數(shù)字）設備中以周/秒或者赫茲表示。
Base Load Base load is that portion of a building load demand which is constant. It is the "base" of the building demand curve.
基本負荷 基本負荷是指建筑負荷需求量中不變的那一部分，是構成負荷需求曲線的基數(shù)。
Baud Rate The speed of data transmission in serial data communications approximately equal to the number of code elements (bits) per second 
(BPS). Bits per second are also termed BPS, with the prefix (k) denoting thousands.
波特率 串行數(shù)據傳輸速率，約等于每秒鐘傳輸?shù)谋忍財?shù)。比特/秒也可以用BPS表示，kBPS表示千比特/秒。
Binding The process of making the logical connections to the network (also called connecting). This involves connecting network variable outputs 
to network variable inputs using LonWorks software.
綁定 與網絡進行邏輯連接的過程（也可以叫做連接），包括把輸出變量與輸入變量用LonWorks軟件綁定。 Bit Binary Digit. 位 2進制數(shù)字
Black Start Black Start refers to the starting of a power system with its own power sources, without the assistance from external power supplies.
黑啟動 黑啟動是指依靠系統(tǒng)內部的電源，而不借助外部的電力進行的啟動。
Boolean A logical system used to express one of two states, such as on or off (yes or no, 1 or 0, etc.)
布爾類型 用于表示2種狀態(tài)之一的邏輯系統(tǒng)，例如開或關（是或否，1或0等）。
Bus Capacity Bus capacity is the maximum load that can be carried on a system without causing degradation of the generator frequency to less 
than a prescribed level (usually 59 Hz in a 60 Hz system).
母排容量 母排容量是指在發(fā)電機頻率不被壓低的情況下，系統(tǒng)所能帶動的最大負載。
C CT (Current Transformer) Current transformers are instrument transformers used in conjunction with ammeters, control circuits and protective 
relaying. They usually have 5 ampere secondaries.
電流互感器 電流互感器是一種儀表變壓器，通常與電流表、控制電路、保護繼電器配套使用。
Circuit A circuit is a path for an electric current across a potential (voltage).
電路 電路是電流通過電勢（電壓）的路徑。
Circuit Breaker A circuit breaker is a protective device that automatically interrupts the current flowing through it when that current exceeds a 
certain value for a specified period of time. See Air Circuit Breaker, Main Breaker, Molded Case Circuit Breaker and Power Circuit Breaker.
線路斷路器 線路斷路器是一個保護裝置，當通過它的電流超過某個安全設定值一定時間后，它就能夠自動切斷電流。（見空氣線路斷路器、主開
關、塑殼線路斷路器等）。
Circulating Harmonic Currents Circulating Harmonic Currents are currents that flow because of differences in voltage waveforms between paralleled 
power sources, or induced by operation of non-linear loads.
諧波環(huán)流 諧波環(huán)流是由并聯(lián)電源間不同的電壓波形或者非線性負荷運轉而產生的電流。
Continuous Load A continuous load is a load where the maximum current is expected to continue for three hours or more (as defined by the NEC 
for design calculations).
持續(xù)負荷 持續(xù)負荷是指使電流在3個小時或更長時間（根據NEC的定義）內需保持最大值的負荷。
Current Current is the flow of electric charge. Its unit of measure is the ampere.
電流 電流是電荷的流動，以安培為單位。
Cycle A cycle is one complete reversal of an alternating current or voltage from zero to a positive maximum to zero again and then from zero to a 
negative maximum to zero again. The number of cycles per second is the frequency.
周期 周期是指交流電流或電壓從零到正最大值再到零，然后從零到負最大值再到零這樣一個往復的過程；而頻率則是指每秒可完成的周期數(shù)。
D Dead Bus Dead Bus refers to the de-energized state of the power connections between outputs of paralleled generator sets. The term bus in this 
usage can either be rigid solid bus bars or insulated flexible cables.
不帶電母排 不帶電母排是指連接并聯(lián)發(fā)電機組輸出之間的電力連接處于不帶電狀態(tài)。這里所指的母排可能是堅硬的實心匯流條，也可能是柔韌的
絕緣電纜。
Delta Connection Delta connection refers to a three phase connection in which the start of each phase is connected to the end of the next phase, 
forming the triangle-shaped Greek letter Delta. The load lines are connected to the corners of the triangle.
三角形連接 三角形連接是指在三相連接中，相臨兩相首尾相連，構成三角形的希臘字母Delta，負荷線連接在三角形的角上。
Differential Relay A differential relay is a protective device that is fed by current transformers located at two different series points in the electrical 
system. The differential relay compares the currents and picks up when there is a difference in the two, which signifies a fault in the zone of 
protection. These devices are typically used to protect windings in generators or transformers.
差動繼電器 作為保護裝置，差動繼電器由位于系統(tǒng)中兩個不同位置的電流互感器提供反饋信息。差動繼電器對電流進行比較，如果存在不同則表
示受保護區(qū)域內有故障存在。這些裝置常被用于保護發(fā)電機或變壓器的線圈。
Digital Master Control (DMC) This device is designed to control the power systems in a facility. It is offered as an option on Cummins switchgear.
數(shù)字主控制器 數(shù)字主控制器是用于控制設備電力系統(tǒng)的裝置。在康明斯開關柜中數(shù)字主控制器是選配件。
Direct Current (DC) Direct current is current with no reversals in polarity.
直流 直流是指沒有正負極性往復變化的電流。
Distributed Control System A collection of nodes that interact to control a system whose components are spread out over some distance. Each 
node has intelligence for operating its own particular component of the system. Different parts of the system communicate status and control 
information with one another to form a distributed control system. Typically, they communicate on a peer-to-peer level. This is different from a 
type of system where all control and interaction between components is dictated by one central control. This is a common master/slave 
arrangement.
分布式控制系統(tǒng) 分布式控制系統(tǒng)是由分布在不同位置但互相作用的節(jié)點構成。每個節(jié)點具有智能，可以對各自系統(tǒng)操作控制。系統(tǒng)不同部分之間
的通信狀態(tài)和控制信息交流構成了分布式控制系統(tǒng)，這種系統(tǒng)內的通信是點對點方式，有別于所有的控制以及組成部分之間的通信都由一個中央控
制器完成的系統(tǒng)。
Distribution Circuit Breaker A distribution circuit breaker is a device used for overload and short current protection of loads connected to a main 
distribution device.
配電線路開關 配電線路開關是給連接在主配電設備上的負荷提供過載和短路保護的裝置。
Droop Load Sharing Droop load sharing is a method of making two or more parallel generator sets share a system kW load. This is accomplished 
by having each governor control adjusted so that the sets have the same droop (reduction of speed). Typical droop is two cycles in frequency 
from no load to full load.
轉速降負荷分配 轉速降負荷分配是兩臺或多臺機組負荷分配的一種方法。這通過每臺并聯(lián)機組調速器具備相同的轉速降。從空載到滿載轉速降一
般為兩赫茲。
E Efficiency (EFF) Efficiency is the ratio of energy output to energy input, such as the ratio between the electrical energy input to a motor and the 
mechanical energy output at the shaft of the motor.
效率 效率是輸出能量與輸入能量的比率，例如輸入到電動機的電能與電機軸承輸出的機械能的之間的比率。
Emergency System An emergency system is independent power generation equipment that is legally required to feed equipment or systems 
whose failure may present a life safety hazard to persons or property.
應急系統(tǒng) 應急系統(tǒng)是指根據相關法規(guī)要求，為那些可能會危及生命安全或造成財產重大損失的設備或系統(tǒng)提供電源的獨立發(fā)電設備。
Energy Energy is manifest in forms such as electricity, heat, light and the capacity to do work. It is convertible from one form to another, such as 
in a generator set, which converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy. Typical units of energy are kW/h, Btu (British thermal unit), 
Hp/h, ft/lbf, joule and calorie.
能量 能量以電能、熱能、光能等形式存在，可以做功，也可以從一種形式轉換為另一種形式，例如發(fā)電機組能把機械能轉變?yōu)殡娔堋＝洺Ｓ玫哪?br /> 量單位有：千瓦/小時、英國熱量單位、馬力/小時、焦耳、卡等。
F Fault A fault is any unintended flow of current outside its intended circuit path in an electrical system.
故障 故障是指在電力系統(tǒng)中任何電流跑出正常電路以外的情況。
Feeder Circuit Breaker See Distribution Circuit Breaker.
饋電線路開關 見“配電線路開關”。
Fiber Optic Cable A technology using glass or plastic threads (fibers) to transmit data. A fiber optic cable is a bundle of either glass or plastic threads 
capable of transmitting messages modulated into light waves. Typically, fiber optic cable has greater bandwidth allowing them to carry more data 
than metal wires. Fiber optic cable is lighter and less susceptible to interference than metal wires. Also, data can be transmitted digitally rather being 
transformed into analog data for transmission as is the case with metal wires when used for computer data transmission. Fiber optics are becoming 
increasingly more common for use with Local-Area Networks (LANs).
光纜 光纜是指使用玻璃或塑料束（光纖）來傳輸數(shù)據。光纖是一束可以用來傳遞被調制成光波的信息的玻璃或塑料管。與金屬電線相比，光纜的
特點是帶寬更大，質量更輕，可以傳導更多數(shù)據，抗干擾性能更好，并且數(shù)據是以數(shù)字形式而不是模擬形式傳播。光纜在局域網領域的使用越來越
普遍。
First Start Sensor A first start sensor is an electronic device within some paralleling equipment that senses generator set and bus voltage and 
frequency, and determines whether or not a generator set is the first unit ready to close to the bus following a call to start under "black start" 
conditions.
首啟動傳感器 首啟動傳感器是應用于某些并聯(lián)設備中的電子裝置，功能是感知發(fā)電機組和母排的電壓、頻率，判斷哪個機組在接到“黑啟動”信號
后第一個可以合到母排。
Frequency Frequency is the number of complete cycles per unit of time of any periodically varying quantity, such as alternating voltage or current. 
It is usually expressed as (Hz) Hertz or CPS (cycles per second).
頻率 頻率是指周期性變化的事物（如交流電壓和電流等）在單位時間內完成的周期數(shù)，常用單位是赫茲(Hz)或周期/秒(CPS)。
Frequency Adjust Potentiometer A frequency adjust potentiometer is used to manually bring the frequency (speed) of the incoming set to that of 
the bus for synchronizing purposes. When the generator set is paralleled, operation of this potentiometer will adjust the kW load assumed by the 
generator set.
頻率調整電位器 頻率調整電位器是用于手動調整輸入機組的頻率使之與母排同步。當機組并聯(lián)后，電位器可以調整為機組輸出功率值。
Frequency Regulation Frequency regulation is a measure that states the difference between no-load and full-load frequency as a percentage of full-
load frequency.
頻率調整率 頻率調整率是指空載和滿載之間頻率的差別與滿載頻率的百分比。
G Gateway A device that acts as an interface between two different communication protocols. The Network Gateway Module (NGM) provides a 
communication protocol that a PC can understand. Other gateway devices may be used to interface between our Lontalk protocol and other 
systems such as a SCADA or Building Automation System. Typically, a gateway becomes necessary when a SCADA or BAS does not have a driver 
developed for Lontalk.
網關 網關是兩個不同的通訊協(xié)議之間的接口，網關模塊（NGM）提供了個人電腦可理解的通訊協(xié)議。其他網關設施可能被用作我們的Lontalk 協(xié)議
和其他系統(tǒng)（如SCADA或樓宇自動化系統(tǒng)）之間的接口裝置。當SCADA或樓宇自動化系統(tǒng)沒有Lontalk的驅動時，網關就是必不可少的。
Generator A generator is a machine which converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy.
發(fā)電機 發(fā)電機是把（旋轉）機械能轉化為電能的裝置。
Genset Communication Module (GCM) The GCM provides a communication gateway between the Model 3100 PowerCommand Control (PCCI) and 
the network. The GCM communicates with the PCCI control over a serial data link. The GCM gets data from the PCCI controls such as voltage, 
current, engine speed, oil temperature, etc. and then sends it out on the network if another network node is bound to it or requesting data.
機組通訊板 機組通訊板(GCM)是 PCC3100 控制器和網絡之間的通訊接口。GCM與PCC通過串行數(shù)據連接。GCM從PCC得到如電壓、電流、發(fā)動機
轉速、油溫等，再把它們發(fā)送給需要這些信息的網絡節(jié)點。
Governor A governor is a device on the engine which controls fuel to maintain a constant engine speed under various load conditions. The 
governor must have provision for adjusting speed (generator frequency) and speed droop (no load to full load).
調速器 調速器是安裝在發(fā)動機上的一個裝置，在不同的負載條件下通過控制燃料量來保持發(fā)動機的恒定轉速。調速器必須具備轉速調整（發(fā)電機
頻率）和降速降調整（零負荷到滿負荷）功能。
Grid The utility-owned power distribution system.
電網 電網是指電廠的電力輸送系統(tǒng)。
Ground A ground is a connection, either intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit and the earth or some conducting body serving in 
place of the earth.
接地 接地是電路與地渺幡巍懟啤笑桅痞兀?地面上的導體的連接，可以是有意的也可以是意外的。
Ground Fault Protection This function trips (opens) a circuit breaker or sounds an alarm in the event that there is an electrical fault between one or 
more of the phase conductors and ground (earth). This ground fault protection function may be incorporated into a circuit breaker.
接地故障保護 當一個或多個相導線與地之間出現(xiàn)電氣故障時，接地故障保護通過跳脫斷路器或報警來示警。這種功能可以一體化設計在斷路器上
。
H Hertz (Hz) The term Hertz is the preferred designation for cycles per second (CPS) and is used to describe frequency.
赫茲 赫茲是頻率單位，也等于周期/秒(CPS)。
Hub A common connection point for devices or nodes in a network or sub-network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN and 
contain multiple ports.
分支器 分支器是網絡或子網絡中設備和接點的集線器，包含很多端口，一般應用于連接局域網的分支。
Hunting Hunting is a phenomenon that can occur upon load changes in which the frequency or the voltage continues to rise above and fall below 
the desired value without reaching a steady-state value. It is caused by insufficient damping.
游車 游車是一種在負載變化引起的頻率、電壓高于或低于期望值，無法達到穩(wěn)定的現(xiàn)象。它是由于阻尼不足而造成的。
I Insulation   Insulation is non-conductive material used to prevent leakage of electric current from a conductor. There are several classes of 
insulation in use for generator construction, each recognized for a maximum continuous-duty temperature.  
絕緣   絕緣體就是非導電材料，用來防止導體中電流的泄露。按最高持續(xù)耐熱度劃分，發(fā)電設備中使用的絕緣體有多種等級。
L Lagging Power Factor   Lagging power factor in AC circuits (a power factor of less than 1.0) is caused by inductive loads, such as motors and 
transformers, which cause the current to lag behind the voltage. See Power Factor.  
滯后功率因數(shù)   交流電路中的滯后功率因數(shù)（小于1.0）是由感應負荷引起的，例如發(fā)動機、變壓器，使電流滯后于電壓。（參照功率因數(shù)）  
Leading Power Factor   Leading power factor in AC circuits (0.0 to -1.0) is caused by capacitive loads or overexcited synchronous motors which 
cause the current to lead the voltage. See Power Factor.  
超前功率因數(shù)   交流電路中的超前功率因數(shù)(0.0 to -1.0)是由電容負荷或者過勵的同步電動機引起的，使電流超前于電壓。（參照功率因數(shù)）  
Line-To-Line Voltage   Line-to-line voltage is the voltage between any two phases of an AC generator.  
線電壓   線電壓是指交流發(fā)電機任何兩相間的電壓。  
Line-To-Neutral Voltage   In a 3-phase, 4-wire, Y-connected generator, line-to-neutral voltage is the voltage between a phase and the common 
neutral where the three phases are tied together.  
相電壓   在三相四線星形連接的發(fā)電機中，相電壓是指三相連接點與每相之間的電壓。  
Load Demand負載需求  
Load Demand is a paralleling system operating mode in which the system monitors the total kW output of the generator sets, and controls the 
number of operating sets as a function of the total load on the system. The purpose of load demand controls is to reduce fuel consumption and 
limit problems caused by light load operation of reciprocating diesel generator sets.  
負載需求是并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的一種運行模式，系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控發(fā)電機組總的輸出功率，根據系統(tǒng)總負載量決定運行機組的數(shù)量。負載需求控制的目的是降低燃料
的消耗量，減少往復式柴油發(fā)電機組因低負荷造成的故障。  
Load Factor   The load factor is the ratio of the average load to the generator set power rating.  
負荷系數(shù)   負荷系數(shù)指的是機組的平均負荷與額定功率之間的比率。  
Load Shedding   Load shedding is the process by which the total load on a paralleling system is reduced, on overload of the system bus, so that 
the most critical loads continue to be provided with reliable electrical service.  
卸載   在超載的系統(tǒng)母排上，并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的總負載被降低的過程稱為卸載，以確保最關鍵負載獲得可靠的電力供應。  
Local-Area Network (LAN)   A computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined to a single building or group of buildings.  
 
局域網   局域網（LAN）是指覆蓋相對較小區(qū)域的計算機網絡，大多數(shù)局域網局限在單一的建筑或建筑群內。  
Low Voltage   AC system operating voltages from 120 to 600 VAC.  
低壓   交流電系統(tǒng)中從120到600 VAC的電壓稱為低壓。
M Main Breaker   A main breaker is a circuit breaker at the input or output of the bus, through which all of the bus power must flow. The generator 
main breaker is the device, usually mounted on the generator set, that interrupts the genset's power output. Main breakers provide overcurrent 
protection and a single disconnect point for all power in a switchboard or device.  
主開關   主開關是在母排輸入或輸出端的線路斷路器，所有的電流都要從那通過。主開關通常安裝在發(fā)電機組上，用來切斷輸出電流。主開關能夠
提供過電流保護，是配電盤或設備的電源斷開點。  
Mains   Mains is a term used extensively outside of the United States to describe the normal power service (utility).  
市電   市電是美國以外的區(qū)域對常規(guī)電力服務的廣泛稱謂。  
Master Control   A control section in a typical paralleling system that provides total system metering and the interface point between the paralleling 
system and the facility.  
主控制   主控制是典型的并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)計量控制設備，也是并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)與用電設施之間的接口。  
Medium Voltage   AC system operating voltages from 601 to 15000 VAC.  
中壓   交流電系統(tǒng)中從601 到15000 VAC的電壓稱為中壓。  
Modbus “專用名詞”   An industrial networking system that uses RS-232 serial master-slave communications at data transfer rate of up to 19.2 
KBPS.  
一種工業(yè)網絡，它使用RS232主從通訊模式傳輸數(shù)據，最快可達19.2kBPS。  
Modbus Plus   An industrial networking system that uses token-passing peer-to-peer communications at data transfer rates of one megabit per 
second (MBPS). The network media is shielded twisted-pair cable.  
一種工業(yè)網絡，它使用令牌環(huán)點對點通訊模式傳輸數(shù)據，可達一百萬位每秒。網絡介質使用屏蔽雙絞線。  
Modules   Modules are also called nodes or devices. These are devices such as Genset Communication Modules (GCMs), Control Communication 
Modules (CCMs), and Digital Input/Output Modules (DIMs).  
模塊   模塊也可以稱作接點或組件，例如機組通訊模塊(GCMs)、控制通訊模塊(CCMs)以及數(shù)字輸入/輸出模塊(DIMs)。  
Molded Case Circuit Breaker   A molded case circuit breaker automatically interrupts the current flowing through it when the current exceeds the 
trip rating of the breaker. Molded case refers to the use of molded plastic as the medium of electrical insulation for enclosing the mechanisms, and 
for separating conducting surfaces from one another and from grounded (earthed) metal parts. Molded case circuit breakers usually contain 
thermal-magnetic trip units, although larger sizes can be equipped with solid state trip sensors.  
塑殼斷路器   塑殼斷路器能夠自動切斷電流在電流超過跳脫設定后。塑殼指的是用塑料絕緣體來作為裝置的外殼，用來隔離導體之間以及接地金屬
部分。塑殼斷路器通常含有熱磁跳脫單元，而大型號的塑殼斷路器會配備固態(tài)跳脫傳感器。
N NEMA   National Electrical Manufacturers Association  
國家電力制造協(xié)會   國家電力制造協(xié)會   NFPA   National Fire Protection Association  
國家防火協(xié)會   國家防火協(xié)會   Network   A collection of Nodes that communicate with one another over a common medium.  
網絡   在共同的介質上互相通訊的接點的集合就是網絡。  
Network Data   A signal that carries messages between nodes. PowerCommand Networks use Manchester Encoding that makes the signal 
insensitive to polarity. The signal is transformer-coupled to the network data wire at a rate of 78 KBPS.  
網絡數(shù)據   接點之間傳送信息的信號就叫做網絡數(shù)據。
PowerCommand
網絡利用Manchester編碼使信號不受極性影響，信號通過變壓器傳送到網絡數(shù)據線的速度是78 KBPS。  
Network Gateway Module   A device acting as an interface between a modem or PC and the network wire. The Gateway takes the UTP wire and 
then provides an RS-232 port for connection to either a modem or PC.  
網關模塊   網絡模塊是調制解調器或PC與網絡線之間的接口。網關與UTP線相連，并為調制解調器或PC提供了RS-232連接端口。  
Neutral Current   Neutral current is the current that flows in the neutral leg of a paralleling system. Often, this term is used in reference to circulating 
currents or cross currents.  
零線電流   零線電流指的是通過并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)零線的電流，在談及環(huán)流電流或者交叉電流時常會提到這個術語。  
Node   A module that can communicate over the network data to other modules. A module contains a Neuron Chip. Certain devices are nodes 
such as Genset Communication Modules (GCMs) and Control Communication Modules (CCMs). Other devices are not nodes, as they cannot 
communicate with other devices, but only receive messages. An example is the Network Annunciator Module (NAM).  
接點   接點是含有神經元芯片的模塊，可以通過網絡數(shù)據與其他模塊通訊。有些模塊是接點，例如機組通訊模塊(GCMs)和控制器通訊模塊(CCMs)
，而那些只能接受信息，而不能與其它設施實現(xiàn)通訊的模塊則不是接點，例如網絡示警模塊(NAM)。  
Nonlinear Load   A nonlinear load is a load for which the relationship between voltage and current is not a linear function. Some common nonlinear 
loads are fluorescent lighting, SCR motor starters and UPS systems. Nonlinear loads cause abnormal conductor heating and voltage distortion.  
非線性負載   電壓和電流之間是非線性關系的負載稱為非性形負載。一些常見的非線性負載有熒光燈、可控硅電動機啟動器以及UPS系統(tǒng)。非線性
負載能導致反常的導體發(fā)熱和電壓畸變。
O Ohm   The ohm is a unit of electrical resistance. One volt will cause a current of one ampere to flow through a resistance of one ohm.  
歐姆   歐姆是電阻單位。1伏特的電壓通過1歐姆的電阻能產生1安培的電流。  
One-Line Diagram   A one-line diagram is a schematic diagram of a three-phase power distribution system which uses one line to show all three 
phases. It is understood when using this easy to read drawing that one line represents three.   單線圖   單線圖是用一條線來表示三相電力分布系統(tǒng)
的示意。  
Overcrank   Overcrank is an alarm function provided with most generator sets that indicate that the generator set has failed to start.  
盤車失敗   盤車失敗是機組的預警功能，表示發(fā)電機組啟動失敗，大多數(shù)機組都有這種功能。  
Overshoot   Overshoot refers to the amount by which voltage or frequency exceeds the nominal value as the voltage regulator or governor 
responds to changes in load  
超調   超調是指電壓調節(jié)器或控制器響應負載的變化時，導致電壓或頻率超出正常值的那部分。
P Paralleling Breaker   A paralleling breaker is the circuit breaker that connects the generator set to the emergency bus, and across which all the 
individual generator synchronizing functions occur.  
并聯(lián)開關   并聯(lián)開關是連接發(fā)電機組和應急母排的線路斷路器，所有的單個發(fā)電機通過它完成同步運行。  
Paralleling Control   A paralleling control contains the electrical equipment provided in a paralleling system for control of a single generator set.  
并聯(lián)控制   并聯(lián)控制是并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)中用來控制單個發(fā)電機組的電氣設備。  
Peak Load   Peak load is the highest point in the kilowatt demand curve of a facility. This is used as the basis for the utility company's demand 
charge.  
峰值功率   峰值功率是用電設備的功率需求曲線中的最大值。  
Peer-To-Peer   A network operating system where any device on the main network bus can initiate communication.  
點對點   點對點是一種網絡運行系統(tǒng)，任何設施都可以發(fā)起信息交換。  
Phase Angle   Phase angle refers to the relation between two sine waves which do not pass through zero at the same time. Considering one full 
cycle to be 360 degrees, the phase angle expresses how far apart the two waves are in relation to each other in degrees.  
相角   相角指的是兩個不同時經過零點的正弦波之間的關系。一個完整周期為360度，相角就是用度數(shù)來表示兩個波的距離。  
Phase Rotation   Phase rotation (or phase sequence) describes the order (A-B-C, R-S-T, or U-V-W) of the phase voltages at the output terminals of 
a three-phase generator. The generator phase rotation must match the facility phase rotation. This must be checked prior to operation of the 
electrical loads in a facility with an on-site generator.  
相序   相序表示的是三相發(fā)電機輸出終端相電壓的順序。在用電負載運轉之前必須檢查確保發(fā)電機的相序與用電設施的相序一致。  
Port   The external connector on a device at which the network cable or medium is attached.  
接口   設備的外接口，用于連接網絡線或者其它介質。   Power Factor   Power factor is the cosine of the angle between the active power (kW) and 
apparent power (kVA) in a circuit.  
功率因數(shù)   功率因數(shù)是電路中有功功率(kW)和視在功率(kVA)之間夾角的余弦值。  
Prime Power   Prime Power describes an application where the generator set(s) must supply power on a continuous basis and for long periods of 
time between shutdowns. No utility service is present in typical prime power applications.  
常載   常載是指發(fā)電機組可長時間和連續(xù)的運行。通常在沒有市電供應，發(fā)電機組作為首要電源的場合使用。  
Priority Control   Priority control is the process by which the total loads on the bus is limited to the most critical loads in the system until adequate 
generation capacity is available to serve all loads.  
優(yōu)先級控制   優(yōu)先級控制是指當總負載電力需求大于發(fā)電機組的輸出時，首先要滿足最關鍵負載的電力需求。 
Protocol   A set of rules used mutually by two or more devices to communicate. Also, known as the "language" used in a network.  
協(xié)議   兩個或多個設施共同遵守的一些通訊規(guī)則，在網絡中常稱為“語言”。
R Radio Interference   Radio interference refers to the interference with radio reception caused by a generator set.  
無線電干擾   無線電干擾是指發(fā)電機組對無線電信號接收造成的干擾。  
Reactive Power   Reactive power is power that flows back and forth between the inductive windings of the generator and the inductive windings of 
motors, transformers, etc., which are part of the electrical load. This power does no useful work in the electrical load nor does it present load to the 
engine. It does apply load to the generator and limits the capacity of the generator.  
無功功率   無功功率是指電流在發(fā)電機、電動機、變壓器等的感應線圈之間往復流動，這也構成了電力負載的一部分。它并沒做有用功，而且也不
是發(fā)動機的負載，但是作為發(fā)電機負載，限制了發(fā)電機的容量。  
Reverse Power Relay   A reverse power relay is a relay with a wattmeter movement that senses the direction of power flow. In paralleled sets, a flow 
of reverse power (i.e., power flow into set) will actuate the reverse power relay and disconnect the set from the system. If one set stops and 
reverse power protection is not provided, the set still running will drive the set that has stopped. The generator on the set that has stopped will act 
as a motor.  
逆功率繼電器   逆功率繼電器是指帶瓦特計的繼電器，用來感知電流的方向。在并聯(lián)機組中，反方向電流（例如流回發(fā)電機組的電流）會啟動逆功
率繼電器，把該機組與系統(tǒng)斷開。如果一臺發(fā)電機組沒有運轉，并且沒有逆功率繼電器保護，運轉的機組就會驅動這個機組，這臺機組上的發(fā)電機
則變成電動機運行。  
Router   A device for passing network messages over another media and sometimes protocol. Our network router is programmed as a "repeater" 
to create another channel on the main network bus. Each channel can have a 4,600 ft. network bus and is capable of having 44 nodes. The 
PowerCommand Network can have up to twenty (20) channels. 
路由器   路由器是把網絡信息通過另外一種介質（有時是協(xié)議）傳送出去的裝置。我們的網絡路由器被設定為“轉發(fā)器”，在主網絡上創(chuàng)建另外一個
信道。每個信道有4,600 ft網絡母排，可容納44個接點。 PowerCommand 網絡最多可有20個信道。    
s SCR   Silicon Controlled Rectifier -- a three-electrode solid-state device which permits current to flow in one direction only, and does this only 
when a suitable potential is applied to the third electrode, called the gate.  
可控硅整流器   可控硅整流器——三電極固態(tài)元件，只有當匹配的電壓作用于第三電極（選通電極）時，才能夠保證電流朝一個方向流動。  
Short Circuit   A short circuit is generally an unintended electrical connection between current carrying parts.  
短路   短路通常是指帶電流的組件之間意外的電路連接。  
Shunt Trip   Shunt trip is a feature added to a circuit breaker or fusible switch to permit the remote opening of the breaker or switch by an electrical 
signal.  
分勵脫扣   分勵脫扣是線路斷路器或可熔電閘的一個特性，可通過遠程信號來進行分斷或轉換。  
Soft Loading   Soft loading refers to the ramping of load onto or off of a generator in a gradual fashion for the purpose of minimizing voltage and 
frequency transients on the system.  
軟加載   軟加載是指在給發(fā)電機組增加或減少負載時要逐漸進行，以減少電壓和頻率對系統(tǒng)的瞬變影響。 
Sound Level Meter   A sound level meter measures sound pressure level. It has several frequency-weighted decibel (dB) scales (A, B, C) to cover 
different portions of the range of measured loudness. Sound level meters indicate RMS sound, unless the measurements are qualified as 
instantaneous or peak sound level.  
聲級表   聲級表是用來測量聲壓級別的，它根據聲音的頻率分為幾個分貝級（A, B, C）。聲級表表征的是均方根聲音，除非是適合瞬間或峰值的度
量。  
Sound Pressure Level (SPL)   Sound pressure level is a measurement of the pressure fluctuations of a sound wave as it propagates through the air. 
Because of the wide range of pressures to which the ear responds, a logarithmic scale is used and is expressed as a ratio of the measured pressure 
referenced to a pressure of 2x10-5 N/m2 (20 m Pa) which is the threshold of human hearing at 1000 Hz. The measure is expressed in decibels 
(dB). The Bel unit is named after Alexander Graham Bell.  
聲壓級別   聲壓級別是表示在空氣中傳播的聲波的起伏壓。由于耳朵能感知的聲壓范圍很大，所以采用其對數(shù)值，并以2x10-5 N/m2 (20 m Pa)的
比率表示，這是人類在1000 Hz所能聽到的極限，單位是分貝(dB)。貝爾（十分貝）是以亞歷山大•格雷姆•貝爾的名字命名的。  
Standby System   A standby system is an independent power system that allows operation of a facility in the event of normal power failure.  
備用系統(tǒng)   備用系統(tǒng)是一個獨立的電力供應系統(tǒng)，當常規(guī)電力供應失敗時，備用系統(tǒng)就會運行。  
Star Connection   See Wye Connection.  
星形連接   參見Y形連接。  
Starting Current   The initial value of current drawn by a motor when it is started from standstill.  
啟動電流   當發(fā)動機從停止狀態(tài)啟動時帶來的初始電流值就是啟動電流。  
Surge   Surge is the sudden rise in voltage in a system, usually caused by load disconnect.  
突變   突變是指系統(tǒng)中電壓突然升高，通常是由于負載斷開而引起的。  
Surge Suppressor   Surge suppressors are devices capable of conducting high transient voltages. They are used for protecting other devices that 
could be destroyed by the transient voltages.  
突變抑制器   突變抑制器是能夠抑制瞬間高電壓的設施，用來保護其他設備免受瞬間電壓的破壞。  
Sync Check Relay   A sync check relay is an electrical device that monitors the phase relationship between two voltage sources and provides a 
signal when the voltage sources are within specific preset parameters.  
同步檢查繼電器   同步檢查繼電器是監(jiān)測兩個電壓源之間的相位關系的電氣設備，如果電壓源間的關系在預定的參數(shù)范圍內，它就會發(fā)出相應信號
。 
Synchronizer   A synchronizer is an electronic device that monitors the phase relationship between two voltage sources and provides a connection 
signal to an engine governor, to force the generator set to synchronize to the system bus.  
同步器   同步器是用來監(jiān)測兩個電壓源之間的相位關系的電子設備，它向發(fā)動機調速器發(fā)出信號，以促使發(fā)電機組與系統(tǒng)母排能夠同步。  
Synchronous Generator   A synchronous generator is an AC generator having a DC exciter. Synchronous generators are used as stand-alone 
generators for emergency power and can also be paralleled with other synchronous generators and the utility system.  
同步發(fā)電機   同步發(fā)動機是配有直流勵磁機的同步交流發(fā)電機。同步發(fā)動機能作為獨立的緊急電源，也可以與其他同步發(fā)電機或市電并聯(lián)。
T Terminator   A resistive load placed at the end of a cable to prevent data signals from reflecting back into the data path.  
終結器   終結器就是置于電纜終端的一個電阻負荷，用來防止數(shù)據信號又反射回到線路中去。  
Transfer Switch   A transfer switch is an electrical device for switching loads between alternate power sources. An automatic transfer switch 
monitors the condition of the sources and connects the load to the alternate source if the preferred source fails.  
轉換開關   轉換開關是能夠把負載在備用電源和常規(guī)電源之間進行轉換的電氣設施。自動轉換開關能夠進行監(jiān)控，如果首選電源供應失敗，就自動
把負載連接到備用電源。
u Undershoot   Undershoot refers to the amount by which voltage or frequency drops below the nominal value as the voltage regulator or 
governor responds to changes in load.  
下超調   下超調指電壓調整器或控制器在應對負荷變化時，電壓或頻率低于額定的量。  
Utility   The utility is a commercial power source that supplies electrical power to specific facilities from a large central power plant.  
市電   市電是商業(yè)電源，從大型中央電站向各設施供電。
V Voltage Control   The voltage control is a rheostat that sets the operating point of the voltage regulator and therefore controls the output 
voltage of the generator set, within its design limits.  
電壓控制   電壓控制是設定電壓調整器的運行點從而在設計范圍內控制發(fā)電機組的輸出電壓的變阻器。  
Voltage Dip   Voltage dip is the dip in voltage that results when a load is added, occurring before the regulator can correct it, or resulting from the 
functioning of the voltage regulator to unload an overloaded engine-generator.  
電壓暫降   電壓暫降是在負荷增加而調整器還未能進行校正時、或電壓調整器正在為過載的發(fā)動機卸載時出現(xiàn)的電壓下降。  
Voltage Regulation   Voltage regulation is a measure that states the difference between maximum and minimum steady-state voltage as a 
percentage of nominal voltage.  
電壓調整率   電壓調整率描述的是最大和最小穩(wěn)態(tài)電壓差與額定電壓之間的百分比。
w Watt-Hour Meter   A watt-hour meter records the total power output at a specific point in a system. Typical recording increment is in kW-hours.  
 
電度表   電度表記錄系統(tǒng)中某一點的總電力輸出，通常以千瓦時為記錄單位。  
Wye Connections   A Wye connection is the same as a star connection. It is a method of interconnecting the phases of a three-phase system to 
form a configuration resembling the letter Y. A fourth (neutral) wire can be connected at the center point.  
Y連接   Y連接就是星形連接，也就是把三相系統(tǒng)中的相按照字母Y的形狀連接起來，還可以在中心點接上第四根（中性）線。
Z Zero Sequence   Zero sequence is a method of ground fault detection that utilizes a sensor (CT) that encircles all the phase conductors as well as 
the neutral conductors. The sensor will produce an output proportional to the imbalance of ground fault current in the circuit. This output is then 
measured by a relay to initiate circuit breaker tripping or ground fault alarm.  
零序   零序是一種接地故障檢測方法，它使用一個傳感器（CT）來把所有相導體和中性導體連接在一起，傳感器會按照線路中接地故障電流的不平
衡程度等比例地產生輸出，再由一臺繼電器來測量這一輸出，并斷開斷路器或釋放接地故障警報。

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